No, that is not a typo. It’s a reference to a classic optical illusion. You probably have seen it—a triangle that contains three lines. The first line is “Paris.” The second line is “in the.” The last line is “the Spring.” People will often read it as “Paris in the Spring,” not the correct “Paris in the the Spring.”
I know, I know … This thought immediately pops into your head: “But it’s obvious that the word ‘the’ is repeated.”
And you wouldn’t be wrong.
Until you look at the picture of the triangle with the words in it.
Why is that?
Believe it or not, there’s a scientific explanation for this. It comes from vision science, and it’s called a “saccade.” This term refers to what happens when both eyes move simultaneously in Continue Reading “Lafayette In The The Spring”












A Royal Mess Of Competing Colonial Charters
Or so it would appear.
Greater Western New York had been claimed many times before it was ever governed. European powers declared it theirs, and when Britain removed its rivals, the claims didn’t disappear—they multiplied. Now they came from within, as competing colonial charters layered atop one another. At one point, no fewer than five colonies claimed the region.
Yet, not one ever truly governed it.
Authority did not collapse at the forest’s edge. It contradicted itself at the source.
Long before a single settler felled a tree in Western New York, the kings of England were Continue Reading “A Royal Mess Of Competing Colonial Charters”